The present perect, past continuous

1. Ahamad is writing his name on the black board.
    Ahamad has written his name on the black board.
    Ahamad has just written his name on the black board.

2. Mary is drinking a glass of milk.
    Mary has drunk a glass of milk.
    Mary has just drunk a glass of milk,

3.The horse is jumping over the gate.
   The horse has jumped over the gate.
   The horse has just jumped over the gate.

4.The teacher is ringing the bell.
    The teacher has rung the bell
    The teacher has just rung the bell

5.Jack and Tom are swimming across the river.
   Jack and Tom have swum across the river.
   Jack and Tom have just swum across the river.

1. The policeman has caught the thief.
2. This man has climbed to the top of the hill.
3. The servant has broken the jug.
4. Two little girls were fallen into the river.
5. Jack and Tom have been to the cinema, and now they are coming out.
6. The teacher has cleaned the black board.
7. The dog has bitten the boy's leg.Ahmad has written two words on the blackboard, but he has spelt the second word wrong.
8. The thief has stolen the woman's dog, and he is running away.
9. The woman has locked the door, and she is putting the key in her bag.
10. The rich man has bought a very big car.
    

1. The sun has just risen.
2. Jack has just finished his homework.
3. The farmer has just shot a bird.
4. The classroom is empty and the pupils have just gone home.
5. Ahmad has just drawn a picture of a tree on the blackboard.
6. Mary has just washed her hands, and she is drying them on a towel.
7. The two men have just lid  a fire on the ground.
8. The servant has just opened the window.
9. It's seven o'clock, and Tom and his brother have just waken up.
10. Jack's father and mother have just had their dinner, and their plates are empty.

1. Hentry's uncle went to Canada when he was twenty years old, and he has lived in Canada for thirty years.
2. The old woman has been ill  for six months, and she is still in hospital.
3. We have waited ten minutes for a bus, and we are still waiting at the bus stop.
4. Mr. Brown has taught English for many years, and he still teaches English.
5. Tom's grand father has played chess for nearly fifty years, and he still pays once a week.
6. I haven't seen my friend for a week, but I am going to see him tomorrow.
7. It hasn't rained for two days, and it's not raining now.
8. I have worn this shirt for two days, and I am wearing it now.
9. The children have been asleep for eight hours, and they are still asleep.
10. Mary has had a cold for a week, and she still has a cold.
11. The doctor is very busy, and he hasn't had a holiday for two years.
12. I have eaten nothing for six hours, but I am still not hungry.
13. I have used this pen for ten hours, and I am still using it.
14. Elizabeth has been Queen of England for about twenty five years, and she is still Queen.
15. I've known Mr. and Mrs. Smith for a long time, and I still know them.
16. The postman has ridden that old bicycle for many years, and he still rides it every day.
17. Jack and Tom have been in the same class for two years, and they are still in the same class.
18. Those poor children have had nothing to eat for twelve hours, and they still have nothing to eat.
19. I haven't read the newspaper this morning.
20. Jack has worked very hard today.
21. I have been to the cinema twice this month.
22. Jack's father hasn't saved any money this year.
23. Have you seen Mr. Smith today?
24. I have spent a lot of money this year.
25. Those poor children have eaten nothing today.
26. We have had three English lessons this week.
27. It has rained nearly everyday this winter,
28. I have written three letters this afternoon.
29. Jack has been absent from school only once this year.
30. Nobody has come to see me this evening.
31. The doctor has been busy in the hospital all night. 
32. Jack hasn't done his homework yet.
33. Jack hasn't yet done his homework.
34. It's nine o'clock, but the shopkeeper hasn't opened his shop yet.
35. I bought these books a week ago, but I haven't yet paid for them.
36. Mary hasn't worn her new dress yet.
37. Ahmad has lost his watch, but he hasn't find it yet.
38. The farmers haven't sold their cotton yet.
39. Ali is eighteen years old, but he hasn't left school yet.
40. We hasn't finished this lesson yet.

1. Have you ever been to America?
    No, I have never been to America.
    Yes, I have been to America once.

2. Have you ever ridden on an elephant?
    No, I have never ridden on an elephant.
    Yes, I have ridden on an elephant.

3. Has your father ever been to France?
    No, I have never been to France.
    Yes, I have been to France.

4. Has that bus driver ever had an accident?
    No, That bus driver has never had an accident.
    Yes, That bus driver has had an accident

1. Have you ever visited the Zoo?
   Yes, I have visited the Zoo several times.
2. Have you ever forgotten to bring my English book to school?
    I have sometimes forgotten to bring my English book to school.
3. Has Mary ever failed an examination?
    Mary has never failed an examination.
4. Has the baby ever been ill?
    The baby has never been ill.
5. Have you ever drunk tea without sugar?
    I have often drunk tea without sugar.

1. 
   
2. The old woman has been ill since April.
3. The old woman has been ill for six months.
4. The baby sleeps every afternoon for three hours.
5. He worked in a bank for thirty years.
6. He has taught English for ten years, and he is still teaching English.
7. She is going to stay with her brothers for a week.
8. He has taught English since 1985.
9. I haven't been to a cinema from last January until now.
10. The poor man has eaten nothing since yesterday.
11. He waited outside the cinema for an hour.
12. The doctor hasn't had a holiday since July 1961.
13. The clerk has worked in the same bank for thirty years.
14. She hasn't bought a new dress since last year.
15. There has been a lot of rain since November.
16. The baby has been asleep since 6 o'clock.
17. The servant worked hard until 2 p.m. but she hasn't done work since then.
18. I am going to read for half an hour.
19. I lent you my dictionary for an hour or two, but you kept it for a week
20. The shopkeeper has sold nothing since 3 o'clock this afternoon.

1. We have learnt  a lot of English since we began to learn the language.
2. Mary has felt better since the doctor gave her some medicine.
3. Mr. Grey has never driven a car since he knocked down a child in the street.
4. I have had a bad toothache since I woke up this morning.
5. The thief has led an honest life since he came out of prison.
6. The little girl has been afraid of dogs since she was bitten by a mad dog.

It's now 3 p.m. Mr. Smith got up at 6 o'clock. He has been awake for nine hours. He had breakfast at 8 o'clock. He has been busy since then(8 o'clock). He didn't have lunch. He hasn't eaten anything for seven hours. He didn't smoke until 11 o'clock. He has smoked five cigarettes since then.

Past and Present perfect
1. What did you do yesterday?
I got up early, and after breakfast I went for a walk. I had lunch at one o'clock, and then I wrote some letters. I took them to the Post Office, bought some stamps and posted them. I watched television in the evening, and went to bed at ten o'clock.

2. What did Jack's father do during the war?
He joined the army in 1940. He spent a year in England, and then he was sent to Egypt. He fought in the desert and was wounded. He returned to England, where he stayed until the end of the war.

It's now 1973, and Jack is fourteen years old.
Jack was born in 1959. He first went to school in 1965 when he was six years old. He has been at school for eight years, and he has made many friends. His father bought him a bicycle in 1970. He has had this bicycle for three years, but he had an accident a month ago, and he hasn't ridden it since then.

1. I saw Tom in the street yesterday, but I haven't spoken to him.
2. I have worn this shirt for two days, but it isn't dirty yet. so I'm still wearing it today.
3. There have been no snow in the south of England last winter.
4. The child hasn't eaten nothing since 9 o'clock this morning and it's now 3 o'clock in the afternoon.
5. Ann was not at home when her friend has visited her yesterday evening.
6. It's very hot day, and I have drunk six glasses of water already this morning.
7. We haven't finished this book yet, but we hope to finish it this year.
8. The gardener found a box full of money when he dug in the garden. 
9. Yousuf has been absent from school for two weeks, and he is still absent.
10. I have written three letters this evening, and I must write two more before I go to bed.
11. Jack's father went to Egypt in 1941.
12. Bob wants to tell his bicycle, but he hasn't sold it yet.
13. It has rained every day this week. Today is Friday, and it's raining again.

James Lee left England in 1945 and went to Australia. He has been in Australia for nearly twenty years, and he is very happy. But his old mother in England is not happy. Her husband died two years ago, and she has been  lonely since then. She hasn't seen her son James  since 1945, and he hasn't written to her for over six months, She made up her mind last year to go to Australia, but she hasn't got enough money yet for the fare. She saved only $500, and the journey will cost much more than this.

Past contionous

1.  Mr. and Mrs. Brown  were having dinner when the doctor called.
2. The thief was climbing over the wall when the policeman saw him.
3. It was raining hard when I went out this morning.
4. We were listening to the wireless when the telephone bell rang.
5. Who were you speaking to when I saw you yesterday?
6. Jack was doing his homework when  his father came home from work.
7. The sailors were swimming near their ship when they were attacked by a shark.
8. Mary was wearing her new dress when I met her yesterday.
9. The pupils were still writing their competitions when the bell rang.
10. She was walking along the street when she saw an old friend.
11. The woman was very tired, and she was lying on her bed when her children came home from school.
12. The sun was rising when I woke up this morning.
13. The sick child was sleeping when the doctor came.
14. The bird was sitting on the branch of a tree when the farmer shot it.
15. The mouse was eating a piece of cheese when the cat caught and killed it.
16. Some pupils were making a lot of noise when the teacher came into the classroom.
17. The little boy was fishing when he fell into the river.
18. The wind was blowing hard when the travelers reached the top of the hill.
19. I was reading the newspaper when I heard a strange noise.
20. Ahmad's mother was cooking the dinner when he came home from school.
21. The rich man was counting his money when the thief quietly opened the door and came into the room.

• The coward hit me when I wasn't looking. \ When I wasn't looking the coward hit me.
• He cut his chin while he was shaving yesterday. \ While he was shaving yesterday he cut his chin.
• A thief stole the woman's bag just as she was getting on the bus. \ Just as the woman was getting on the bus a thief stole her bag.

1. The boy was knocked down by a bus as was crossing the road.
2. A lot of people saw this accident while they were waiting for the bus.
3. Just as the doctor was going to bed there was a knock  at the door.
4. Ali often went to the British Museum when he was studying London University.
5. He fell down and broken his leg while he was playing football.
6. The travelers reached the town just as the sun was setting.
7. The foolish boy jumped off the bus while it was going.
8. The hunter shot and killed the lion just as it was jumping on him.
9. Mary's mother often sang while she was cooking in the kitchen.
10. The old man never went out when it was raining.
11. Just as the manager was leaving his office an important telegram came.
12. Ann was a foolish girl she didn't listen when the teacher was asking questions.
13. The ship sank just as it was entering the harbor.
14. I cut my finger while I was sharpening the pencil.
15. The travelers saw some camels as they were coming desert.

When I went out this morning, the sun was shining and the birds was singing. It was a beautiful morning. I walked to the nearest park and sat down on the grass. But while I was sitting there, black clouds gathered and hid the sun. It was beginning to rain heavily, so I ran home. My hat fell off as I was running.

Jack father read a book last night when he heard a noise in the garden. He opened the window and looked out. It was a dark night and at first he could see nothing. But just as he was shutting his window, he saw a man. The man  was trying to climb over the garden well. He was a thief. When he saw Jack's father at the window, he jumped off and ran away. Jack's father was running after him. There was a car at the end of the street. The thief reached the car, but just as he was getting into it, Jack's father caught him.